Dushobora kurangiza indwara ya TB!

Ubushinwa ni kimwe mu bihugu 30 bifite umutwaro munini w’igituntu ku isi, kandi icyorezo cy’igituntu mu gihugu kirakomeye. Icyorezo kiracyakomeye mu turere tumwe na tumwe, kandi amatsinda y’amashuri ahora agaragara rimwe na rimwe. Kubwibyo, akazi ko gukumira no kurwanya igituntu karagoye cyane.

01 Incamake y'igituntu

Mu 2014, OMS yatanze igitekerezo cyo "guhagarika ingamba zo kurwanya igituntu". Ariko, mu myaka ya vuba aha, umubare w'abandura igituntu ku isi wagabanutseho hafi 2% gusa ku mwaka. Ugereranyije no mu 2015, umubare w'abandura igituntu mu 2020 wagabanutseho 11% gusa. OMS ivuga ko abarwayi barenga 40% barwaye igituntu batabonetse cyangwa ngo batangazwe mu 2020. Byongeye kandi, gutinda mu gusuzuma igituntu kugaragara ku isi hose. Bikunze kugaragara cyane mu turere duremerewe cyane no mu barwayi banduye agakoko gatera SIDA kandi badafite imiti.

Umubare w'abarwayi babarirwa mu Bushinwa mu 2021 wari 780.000 (842.000 muri 2020), naho umubare w'abarwayi barwaye igituntu wari 55 kuri 100.000 (59/100.000 muri 2020). Umubare w'abarwayi bapfa badafite agakoko gatera SIDA mu Bushinwa ubarirwa mu 30.000, naho igipimo cy'impfu ziterwa n'igituntu ni 2.1 kuri 100.000.

02 Igituntu ni iki?

Igituntu, kizwi cyane nka "igituntu", ni indwara idakira yo mu myanya y'ubuhumekero iterwa na Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Igituntu cya Mycobacterium gishobora kwibasira ahantu hose mu mubiri (usibye umusatsi n'amenyo) kandi gikunze kugaragara mu bihaha. Igituntu mu bihaha kigira hafi 95% by'umubare wose w'igituntu, kandi izindi ndwara zirimo meningitis, tuberculous pleurisy, tuberculous mu magufwa, nibindi.

03 Igituntu cyandura gite?

Inkomoko y'ubwandu bw'igituntu ahanini ni abarwayi ba gituntu barwaye amatembabuzi, kandi bagiteri z'igituntu zandurira ahanini mu bitonyanga. Abantu bazima banduye igituntu si ngombwa ko bandura indwara. Kuba abantu bandura indwara biterwa n'ubukana bwa bagiteri z'igituntu n'imbaraga z'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri.

04 Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'igituntu?

Ibimenyetso by'umubiri: umuriro, umunaniro, kugabanya ibiro.

Ibimenyetso byo guhumeka: Inkorora, amatembabuzi y'amaraso, ububabare mu gituza.

05 Igisubizo

Macro & Micro-Test yateguye urutonde rw'ibikoresho byo gupima igituntu cya Mycobacterium kugira ngo bitange ibisubizo bihamye byo gusuzuma igituntu, gukurikirana uburyo kivurwa ndetse no kudakira imiti.

Ibyiza

Kit yo Gupima ADN ya Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (Fluorescence PCR)

1. Sisitemu ishyiraho uburyo bwo kugenzura ubuziranenge bw'imbere, bushobora gukurikirana mu buryo bwuzuye inzira y'igerageza no kwemeza ubuziranenge bw'igerageza.

2. Iyi kit ikoresha uburyo bwo kongera imbaraga bwa PCR na fluorescent probes.

3. Ububasha bwo kwihuta cyane: LoD ni 10⁰bagiteri/mL.

Kit yo Gupima Ubudahangarwa bwa Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Isoniazid (Fluorescence PCR)

1. Sisitemu ishyiraho uburyo bwo kugenzura ubuziranenge bw'imbere, bushobora gukurikirana mu buryo bwuzuye inzira y'igerageza no kwemeza ubuziranenge bw'igerageza.

2. Iyi kit ikoresha sisitemu yo mu rugo igezweho yo kugabanya ingufu z'amashanyarazi ihuza ikoranabuhanga rya ARMS n'ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi bitanga urumuri.

3. Ububasha bwo kwihuta cyane: LoD ni 1×10³bagiteri/mL.

4. Ubwinshi buhanitse: nta buryo bwo guhuza imiterere y’ibinyabuzima hamwe n’impinduka z’ahantu hane harwanya imiti muri gene ya rpoB (511, 516, 526 na 531).

Kit yo Gupima Ubudahangarwa bwa Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Nucleic Acid na Rifampicin (Melting Curve)

1. Sisitemu ishyiraho uburyo bwo kugenzura ubuziranenge bw'imbere, bushobora gukurikirana mu buryo bwuzuye inzira y'igerageza no kwemeza ubuziranenge bw'igerageza.

2. Iyi kit ikoresha ikoranabuhanga ryo kumenya amplification ya in vitro ry'uburyo bwo gushonga hamwe n'icyuma gifunganye gifite base za RNA.

3. Ububasha bwo kwihuta cyane: LoD ni bagiteri 50/mL.

4. Ubwinshi buhanitse: nta bushobozi bwo guhuza imiterere ya genome y'umuntu, izindi mycobacteria zitari iz'ibibyimba, n'indwara za pneumonia; Gutahura ahantu hahinduka izindi gene za Mycobacterium tuberculosis zidashobora kuvura imiti nka katG 315G>C\A, InhA-15 C>T.

Kit yo Gupima Aside ya Nucleike ishingiye kuri Enzymatic Probe Isothermal Amplification (EPIA) yo kurwanya igituntu cya Mycobacterium

1. Sisitemu ishyiraho uburyo bwo kugenzura ubuziranenge bw'imbere, bushobora gukurikirana mu buryo bwuzuye inzira y'igerageza no kwemeza ubuziranenge bw'igerageza.

2. Aka gakoresho gakoresha uburyo bwo kongera ubushyuhe buhoraho bwa enzyme. Ibisubizo byo kugapima bishobora kuboneka mu minota 30.

3. Ububasha bworoshye bwo gupima: LoD ni 1000Copies/mL.

5. Ubwinshi buhanitse: nta mpungenge ziterwa n’izindi mycobacteria zo mu bwoko bwa mycobacteria zitari iz’ibibyimba (nka Mycobacterium Kansas, Mycobacterium Suga, Mycobacterium nei, nibindi) n’izindi ndwara (nka Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Escherichia coli, nibindi).

HWTS-RT001A/B	Kit yo Gupima ADN ya Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (PCR y'Ubwiza)	Ibipimo 50 ku gikoresho Ibipimo 20 ku gikoresho
HWTS-RT105A/B/C	Kit yo Gusuzuma ADN ya Mycobacterium Tuberculosis yumye mu buryo bukonje (Fluorescence PCR)	Ibipimo 50 ku gikoresho Ibipimo 20 ku gikoresho Ibipimo 48/agasanduku
HWTS-RT002A	Kit yo Gupima Ubudahangarwa bwa Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Isoniazid (Fluorescence PCR)	Ibipimo 50 ku gikoresho
HWTS-RT074A	Kit yo Gupima Ubudahangarwa bwa Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Rifampicin (Fluorescence PCR)	Ibipimo 50 ku gikoresho
HWTS-RT074B	Kit yo Gupima Ubudahangarwa bwa Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Nucleic Acid na Rifampicin (Melting Curve)	Ibipimo 50 ku gikoresho
HWTS-RT102A	Kit yo Gupima Aside ya Nucleike ishingiye kuri Enzymatic Probe Isothermal Amplification (EPIA) yo kurwanya igituntu cya Mycobacterium	Ibipimo 50 ku gikoresho
HWTS-RT123A	Kit yo Gupima Aside Nucleic ya Mycobacterium Tuberculosis yumye mu buryo bukonje (Enzymatic Probe Isothermal Amplification)	Ibipimo 48/agasanduku