Impamvu amaraso y'amafi y'ubumaji ari ingenzi

Kanseri y'inkondo y'umura ni imwe mu mpamvu zikomeye zitera indwara n'impfu ziterwa na kanseri ku isi. Kanseri nyinshi z'inkondo y'umura zikura buhoro buhoro ziturutse ku ndwara ziterwa na kanseri mu gihe cy'imyaka myinshi, bigatuma habaho amahirwe yo kumenyekana no gutabara hakiri kare.

Kimwe mu bimenyetso bya mbere by'umuburo niamaraso y'imyanda y'amabyi (FOB)—amaraso make mu mwanda utagaragara n'amaso. Kuva amaraso mu buryo bw'amayobera bishobora guterwa n'indwara zitandukanye zo mu gifu, harimo:

• · Adenoma na polyps zo mu mara y'inkondo y'umura
• · Kanseri y'inkondo y'umura
• · Ibisebe byo mu gifu n'ibisebe byo mu nda
• · Indwara y'ububyimbirwe bw'amara
• · Ibindi bikomere byo mu gifu

Kubera ko abarwayi benshi bakomeza kugira ibimenyetso mu ntangiriro, kumenya amaraso y’indengakamere byabaye ingenzi mu gupima kanseri y’inkondo y’umura hifashishijwe abaturage.

Umutwaro w'isi yose wa kanseri y'inkondo y'umura

Dukurikije ibivugwa naIkigo Mpuzamahanga Gishinzwe Ubushakashatsi ku Kanseri (IARC) GLOBOCAN 2022)kanseri y'inkondo y'umura iza ku mwanya wa gatatu mu ndwara zikunze kugaragara ku isi, ikaba ikomeje kuba imwe mu mpamvu zikunze kugaragara zitera urupfu rwa kanseri.

Inkuru ishimishije ni uko kanseri y’inkondo y’umura ishobora kwirindwa cyane kandi ikanavurwa iyo ibonetse hakiri kare. Indwara zo mu gace runaka zishobora kubaho imyaka itanu zirenga 90%, mu gihe indwara ya metastasis ikomeye ifitanye isano n’ingaruka mbi cyane. Bityo rero, gusuzuma buri gihe bigira uruhare runini mu kugabanya ubwandu bwa CRC n’impfu.

FIT: Uburyo bwiza bwo gupima amaraso y'imyanda

Mu mateka, gupima amaraso y’umwanda byashingiraga ku buryo bwa "chemical guaiac-based methods" (gFOBT), bugaragaza imikorere ya "peroxidase" ya hemoglobin. Ariko, ibi bizamini bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mirire, imiti imwe n’imwe, na hemoglobin itari iy’umuntu, bigatuma habaho ibisubizo bitari byo.

Uyu munsi,Gupima Ubudahangarwa bw'Amaraso mu Mazi (FIT)bwabaye uburyo bwo gupima kanseri y'inkondo y'umura bukundwa cyane muri gahunda nyinshi zo gupima kanseri y'inkondo y'umura ku rwego rw'igihugu.

Ugereranyije n'ibizamini bisanzwe bya chimique, FIT itanga ibyiza byinshi by'ingenzi:

• · Ubwihariye bwo hejurumu gupima hemoglobin y'umuntu hamwe n'uturemangingo tw'umubiri tw'abantu
• · Nta mbogamizi ku mirirembere yo gupima
• · Kunoza uburyo abarwayi bakurikiza amategekobitewe n'uburyo bworoshye bwo gukusanya ingero
• · Ubushobozi bwo kumva neza kuva amaraso mu gifu, bigatuma igira akamaro cyane mu gupima kanseri y'inkondo y'umura

Izi nyungu zatumye FIT ishyirwahonk'isuzuma rya mbere ritabangamiyeuburyo mu bihugu byinshi.

Inama Mpuzamahanga zo Gusuzuma

Imiryango mpuzamahanga ikomeye isaba abantu bakuru bafite ibyago byo gupimwa kanseri y'inkondo y'umura buri gihe.

• · USPSTFinama yo gusuzuma abantu bakuru bafite imyakaImyaka 45–75, hamwe na FIT ya buri mwaka nk'imwe mu ngamba zo gusuzuma zisabwa.
• · Ishyirahamwe ry’Abanyamerika rishinzwe kurwanya kanseri (ACS)inasaba gutangira isuzuma rihoraho kuriImyaka 45 y'amavuko.
• · Amabwiriza yo gupima kanseri y'inkondo y'umura mu Burayigushyigikira gahunda zo gusuzuma indwara zishingiye kuri FIT, akenshi buri myaka ibiri ku bantu bakuru bafite hagati y'imyaka 50-74.

Uko ingamba zo gupima zimeze kose, abantu bafite ibisubizo bya FIT bagomba gupimwa colonoscopy kugira ngo basuzume neza kandi bemeze ko hari ibisebe byo mu mara

Ni iki gituma umuntu amenya neza FIT?

Mu guhitamo ikizamini cy’amaraso yo mu gitsina, abahanga mu by’ubuzima n’abayakoresha bagomba gusuzuma ibintu by’ingenzi bikurikira:

• · Ubuhanga bwo gusesengura cyane kugira ngo hamenyekane urugero ruto rwa hemoglobin mu bantu
• · Kuba umwihariko mwinshi kugira ngo bigabanye ibisubizo bitari byo
• · Gukusanya ingero z'isuku kandi byoroshye
• · Imikorere ihamye hamwe n'ububiko bw'ubushyuhe bw'icyumba
• · Imikorere yoroshye ishyigikira ikoreshwa ryo mu rugo ndetse n'iy'umwuga

Igikoresho cyo gupima amaraso y’umwanda w’amaraso yo mu bwoko bwa Macro & Micro-Test (Colloidal Gold)

Macro & Micro-Test byateguye uburyo bwoIgikoresho cyo gupima amaraso y'umwanda (Colloidal Gold)hashingiwe ku ikoranabuhanga rya immunochromatographic, ritanga igisubizo cyihuse, cyoroshye, kandi gifite isuku cyo gupima kanseri y'inkondo y'umura.

Ibintu by'ingenzi birimo:

• · Ibisubizo byihuse by'isuzumabumenyi mu minota 5-10
• · Uburyo bwo gusesengura40 ng/mL hemoglobin y'umuntu
• · Ikoranabuhanga ryo gupima ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri, bigabanya ingaruka mbi zikomoka ku mirire n'imiti
• · Agakoresho gashya ko gupima kahujweku ikusanyirizo ry'ibipimo risukuye kandi rifite isuku kurusha igishushanyo mbonera gisanzwe gishingiye kuri kaseti
• · Bikwiriye kwipimisha no gukoreshwa n'umwuga
• · Ububiko bw'ubushyuhe bw'icyumba (4–30°C) bufite igihe cyo kubika kugeza ku mezi 24

Iyi mashini yagenewe kunoza uburyo bwo kuyikoresha no kuyikoresha, ifasha mu buryo bworoshye bwo kuyisuzuma ariko igakomeza gukora neza mu buryo bwizewe.

Gupima kanseri y'inkondo y'umura hakiri kare birakiza ubuzima. Binyuze mu koroshya gupima kanseri y'inkondo y'umura no kuyipima mu buryo bworoshye, gupima FIT bishobora gufasha kumenya indwara mbere yuko ibimenyetso bigaragara, bigatuma habaho uburyo bwo kwivuza hakiri kare no gutanga ibisubizo byiza ku barwayi.

Menya byinshi kuri Macro &Agakoresho ko gupima amaraso y'umwanda mu buryo bwa Micro-Test: