Ubwoko 4 bwa virusi yubuhumekero Nucleic Acide

Indwara ya virusi ya Corona 2019, yitwa "COVID-19", yerekeza ku musonga watewe n'indwara ya SARS-CoV-2. SARS-CoV-2 ni coronavirus yo mu bwoko bwa β. COVID-19 ni indwara yandurira mu myanya y'ubuhumekero, kandi muri rusange abaturage bakunze kwibasirwa. Kugeza ubu, isoko y’ubwandu ni abarwayi banduye SARS-CoV-2, kandi abanduye ibimenyetso simusiga na bo bashobora kuba intandaro yo kwandura. Ukurikije iperereza ryakozwe muri iki gihe, igihe cyo gukora ni iminsi 1-14, cyane cyane iminsi 3-7. Umuriro, inkorora yumye n'umunaniro nibyo bigaragara. Abarwayi bake bagize ibimenyetso nko kuzunguruka mu mazuru, izuru ritemba, kubabara mu muhogo, myalgia na diyare, n'ibindi.

Ibicurane, bizwi cyane ku izina rya "ibicurane", ni indwara ikabije y’ubuhumekero iterwa na virusi ya grippe. Yanduye cyane. Yandura cyane cyane gukorora no kwitsamura. Ubusanzwe itangira mu mpeshyi no mu itumba. Virusi y'ibicurane igabanyijemo ibicurane A (IFV A), ibicurane B (IFV B), na Grippe C (IFV C) ubwoko butatu, byose ni virusi ifatanye, bitera indwara zabantu cyane cyane virusi ya grippe A na B, ni virusi ya RNA imwe. Indwara y'ibicurane A ni indwara ikabije y'ubuhumekero, harimo H1N1, H3N2 ndetse n'ubundi bwoko butandukanye, bukunze kwibasirwa n'imihindagurikire y'ikirere. "Shift" bivuga ihinduka rya virusi ya grippe A, bigatuma habaho virusi nshya "subtype". Virusi ya grippe B igabanijwemo imirongo ibiri, Yamagata na Victoria. Virusi y'ibicurane B ifite gusa antigenic drift, kandi irinda igenzura ry'umubiri w'umuntu no kurandurwa binyuze mu ihinduka ry’imiterere. Nyamara, umuvuduko w’ihindagurika rya virusi ya grippe B uratinda cyane ugereranije na virusi ya grippe A. Virusi ya grippe B irashobora kandi gutera indwara zubuhumekero zabantu kandi biganisha ku byorezo.

Indwara y'ubuhumekero (RSV) ni virusi ya RNA, ikomoka mu muryango wa paramyxoviridae. Yandura mu bitonyanga byo mu kirere no guhura cyane kandi ni yo ntandaro nyamukuru yandurira mu myanya y'ubuhumekero yo hasi. Impinja zanduye RSV zirashobora kurwara bronchiolitis zikomeye n'umusonga, zifitanye isano na asima ku bana. Impinja zifite ibimenyetso bikomeye, birimo umuriro mwinshi, rhinite, pharyngitis na laryngitis, hanyuma bronchiolitis na pnewoniya. Abana bake barwaye barashobora kugorana nibitangazamakuru bya otitis, pleurisy na myocarditis, nibindi. Indwara zo mu myanya y'ubuhumekero zo hejuru ni cyo kimenyetso nyamukuru cyanduza abantu bakuru ndetse n'abana bakuru.