Isuzuma ry'isuku mu rugo: Gusuzuma hakiri kare kanseri y'inkondo y'umura n'amahoro yo mu mutima

Amaraso y'amafi y'ubumaji ni iki?
Amaraso y'imyanda yerekeza ku ngano nto y'amaraso ari mu mwandaitagaragaraku maso. Nubwo idashobora kugaragara hatabayeho ibizamini byihariye, kuyibonekaho bishobora kugaragaza indwara zitandukanye zo mu gifu.

• Indwara ziterwa n'amaraso y'amabyi
  Amaraso y'inkondo y'umura ashobora gusobanura ibibazo bitandukanye by'igifu:
  • Ibisebe byo mu gifu n'ibisebe byo mu nda: Kuva amaraso bishobora guterwa n'ibisebe mu gifu cyangwa mu duodenum.
  • Polyps zo mu maraso: Uku gukura kudasanzwe mu mara cyangwa mu nda bikunze kuva amaraso.
  • Kanseri y'inkondo y'umura: Iyi ndwara ishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga ikomeza buhoro buhoro mu ntangiriro zayo. Nk’uko bivugwa n’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima (OMS), kanseri y’inkondo y’umura ni yo kanseri ya gatatu ikunze kugaragara ku isi, aho abantu miliyoni 1.9 bashya bayirwaye n’abagera ku 935.000 bapfuye mu 2020. Kuyimenya hakiri kare bituma umusaruro uba mwiza cyane, aho igipimo cyo kubaho mu myaka itanu kigera kuri 90% iyo igaragaye hakiri kare ugereranije na 14% gusa muri izo ndwara zikomeye kandi zanduye.

  
   

  Uburyo bwo Gupima Amaraso y'Ubupfumu mu Gituba
  Hari uburyo bubiri bw'ingenzi bwo gutahura:

  • Uburyo bwa Chimique:Ikoresha imikorere ya hemoglobin isa na peroxidase ariko ikunze kugira ingaruka mbi ku mirire (urugero: inyama zitukura) n'imiti imwe n'imwe.
  • Uburyo bw'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri (FIT):Ikoresha antibodies kugira ngo imenye hemoglobine y'umuntu ifite umwihariko wo hejuru, ikagabanya ibimenyetso bitari byo byatewe n'ingaruka zo hanze. Ubu buryo ni bwo bukundwa ku isi yose kubera ubuhanga bwabwo n'ubushobozi bwabwo bwo kwizera.y.

  Ibyiza byo gupima amaraso y'umwanda

  • Indwara zo hakiri kareUmuburo: Ifasha kumenya indwara z'igogora mbere yuko ibimenyetso bitangira.
  • Gukurikirana uburyo bwo kuvura: Isuzuma akamaro k'ubuvuzi kandi ikamenya ko kuva amaraso kongera kugaruka ku barwayi bafite indwara zo mu gifu.
  • Gupima kanseri y'inkondo y'umura: Igira uruhare runini mu kunoza uburyo bwo gutsinda mu buvuzi no kubaho igihe kirekire binyuze mu gusuzuma indwara hakiri kare.

  Amabwiriza yo gupima amaraso y'umwanda
  Imiryango mpuzamahanga y’ubuzima ishimangira akamaro ko gupima amaraso y’umwanda nk’igice cya gahunda zo gupima kanseri y’inkondo y’umura:

  1.Inama za OMS: FOBT isanzwe iragirwa inama ku bantu bafite ibyago bisanzwe bafite imyaka 50-74, uburyo bwo kwirinda indwara (FIT) ni bwo bwiza kurusha ubundi bitewe n’uko buzwi cyane kandi bufite ubushobozi bwo kuvura indwara.

  2.Itsinda rishinzwe gukumira indwara muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika (USPSTF): Itanga inama yo gusuzuma FIT buri mwaka guhera ku myaka 45-49.

  3.Amabwiriza y'i Burayi: Saba abantu bafite hagati y'imyaka 50-74 gusuzuma indwara ya FIT nyuma y'imyaka ibiri.
  

  Uburyo bwo Guhitamo Ipaki yo Gupima Amaraso y'Amazi y'Abapfumu
  Imashini nziza yo gupima igomba kuba yujuje ibi bikurikira:

  • Byoroshye gukoresha: Gutora ingero zoroshye kandi zifite isuku.
  • Ubushobozi bwo kugaragaza ibyiyumvo bikabije: Ishobora kumenya urugero ruto rwa hemoglobine kugira ngo ikoreshwe neza hakiri kare.
  • Uburyo bw'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri: Ni byiza kurusha uburyo bwa chimique, bigabanyije ibimenyetso bitari byo.
  • Ubworoherane: Biroroshye kubika no gutwara kandi bimara igihe kirekire.

  Igikoresho cyo gupima amaraso y’umwanda (Colloidal Gold) gikozwe muri Macro na Micro-Test (MMT)
  Agakoresho ko kwipimisha gafite isuku kandi koroshye gukoresha kugira ngo gashobore gupima indwara z’igifu hakiri kare. Iki gikoresho kidakoresha uburyo bworoshye bwo gupima amaraso y’indengakamere mu mwanda, bigatuma umuntu amenya amaraso ku gihe kandi akayavura ku buryo burambye.

  
  

  • Ibisubizo byihuse: Itanga uburyo bwo gupima hemoglobine mu mwanda mu minota 5-10.
  • Ubushobozi bwo kugaragaza ibyiyumvo (sensitivity) buri hejuru:Ipima neza urugero rwa hemoglobine ruri hasi ya 100ng/mL, ikaba ifite umwihariko udasanzwe, nta ngaruka iterwa n'imirire cyangwa imiti.
  • Biroroshye gukoresha:Yagenewe kwipimisha ku buryo bworoshye cyangwa gukoreshwa mu buryo bw'umwuga, itanga ibisubizo igihe cyose bikenewe.
  • Igishushanyo mbonera cy'imiyoboro mishya:Itanga uburyo bwo gupima isuku n'uburambe bworoshye ugereranije na kaseti gakondo.
  • Kubika no gutwara ibintu byoroshye:Ishobora kubikwa no gutwarwa ku bushyuhe bw'icyumba (4–30℃) kugeza ku mezi 24

  Shyira imbaraga mu gusuzuma indwara hakiri kare, wongere umusaruro w'ubuvuzi, kandi urinde ubuzima bw'igifu cyawe ukoresheje iyi mashini yo gupima yizewe kandi ikora neza.

   

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