Ku itariki ya 18 Werurwe 2024 ni ku nshuro ya 24 "Umunsi w'Igihugu wo Gukunda Umutima w'Impyiko", kandi insanganyamatsiko y'uyu mwaka ni "kwirinda hakiri kare no gupimwa hakiri kare, no kwirinda indwara ya cirrhose y'umwijima".
Dukurikije imibare y’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima (OMS), abantu barenga miliyoni imwe bapfa bazize indwara z’umwijima ku isi buri mwaka. Hafi umwe muri buri 10 mu bavandimwe bacu n’inshuti zacu arwara virusi idakira ya hepatite B cyangwa C, kandi umwijima w’ibinure ukunda kuba muto.
Umunsi w’Igihugu wo Gukunda Umwijima washyizweho mu rwego rwo gukusanya imbaraga z’imibereho myiza y’abantu, gushishikariza imbaga y’abantu, kwamamaza ubumenyi rusange mu bya siyansi mu kwirinda indwara za hepatite n’umwijima, no kurengera ubuzima bw’abantu mu gihe indwara z’umwijima nka hepatite B, hepatite C n’indwara ya hepatite iterwa n’inzoga ziterwa n’inzoga ziyongera uko umwaka utashye mu Bushinwa.
Dufatanye, dukwirakwize ubumenyi mu kwirinda no kuvura indwara ya fibrosis y'umwijima, dukore isuzuma ryimbitse, dushyireho uburyo busanzwe bwo kuvura, kandi dukurikirane buri gihe kugira ngo tugabanye indwara ya cirrhose y'umwijima.
01 Menya umwijima.
Aho umwijima uherereye: Umwijima ni umwijima. Uherereye hejuru iburyo bw'inda kandi ufite inshingano y'ingenzi yo kubungabunga ubuzima. Ni na wo mubiri munini mu mubiri w'umuntu.
Imirimo y'ingenzi y'umwijima ni: gusohora inyo, kubika glycogen, no kugenzura imikorere ya poroteyine, ibinure na karubohidrati. Ifite kandi ingaruka zo gusukura amaraso, gusohora amaraso no gufungana kw'amaraso.
02 Indwara zisanzwe z'umwijima.
1 Hepatite iterwa n'inzoga
Kunywa inzoga bibabaza umwijima, kandi umwijima uterwa no kunywa inzoga witwa indwara y'umwijima iterwa n'inzoga, ishobora no gutuma transaminase yiyongera, kandi kunywa inzoga igihe kirekire nabyo bishobora gutera cirrhose.
2 Umwijima w'ibinure
Muri rusange, tuvuga ku mwijima udafite ibinure byinshi, kuko urimo ibinure byinshi. Ibisebe by'umwijima biterwa no kwibumbira mu mwijima muri rusange biherekezwa no kudakora insuline, kandi abarwayi bafite umubyibuho ukabije ku rugero rutatu. Mu myaka ya vuba aha, bitewe n'uko imibereho igenda irushaho kuba myiza, umubare w'umwijima urimo ibinure urimo kwiyongera umunsi ku wundi. Abantu benshi basanze transaminase iri kwiyongera mu isuzuma ry'umubiri, kandi akenshi ntibabyitaho. Abatari inzobere benshi bazatekereza ko umwijima urimo ibinure ntacyo umaze. Mu by'ukuri, umwijima urimo ibinure ni mubi cyane kandi ushobora no gutera indwara ya cirrhose.
3 Hepatite iterwa n'imiti
Ndizera ko hari imiti myinshi y’ubuvuzi ishingiye ku miziririzo ifite ingaruka zo "gutera indwara" mu buzima, kandi nkunda imiti itera indwara, ibinini byo kurya, imiti yo kwisiga, imiti y’ibimera byo mu Bushinwa, nibindi. Nkuko buri wese abizi, "imiti ni uburozi mu buryo butatu", kandi ingaruka zo "gutera indwara" ni uko imiti n’ibintu biyigize mu mubiri bigira ingaruka mbi ku mubiri w’umuntu kandi bikagira ingaruka mbi ku mwijima.
Bityo rero, ntugomba gufata imiti ku buryo butunguranye utazi imiterere y’imiti n’imiti, kandi ugomba gukurikiza inama za muganga.
03 igikorwa cyo gukomeretsa umwijima.
1 Kunywa inzoga nyinshi
Umwijima ni wo rugingo rwonyine rushobora guhindura inzoga. Kunywa inzoga igihe kirekire bishobora gutera umwijima ufite ibinure byinshi. Iyo tutanyoye inzoga mu rugero ruciriritse, umwijima uzangirika bitewe n’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri, bigatuma uturemangingo twinshi tw’umwijima dupfa kandi bigatera indwara ya hepatite idakira. Iyo ikomeje gukura cyane, izatera cirrhose ndetse na kanseri y’umwijima.
2 Kurara usinziriye igihe kirekire
Nyuma ya saa 23 z'umugoroba, igihe kirageze ngo umwijima wiyongere kandi wisane. Muri iki gihe, ntabwo nasinziriye, ibyo bizagira ingaruka ku isuku isanzwe no gusana umwijima nijoro. Kurara usinziriye no gukora cyane igihe kirekire bishobora gutuma ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bugabanuka ndetse no kwangirika k'umwijima.
3Tkunywa imiti igihe kirekire
Imiti myinshi igomba gushyirwa mu mubiri n'umwijima, kandi gufata imiti nta guhitamo byongera umutwaro ku mwijima kandi bigatera kwangirika k'umwijima bitewe n'imiti.
Byongeye kandi, kurya cyane, kunywa itabi, kurya amarangamutima mabi (uburakari, kwiheba, nibindi), no kutihagarika inkari mu gitondo nabyo byangiza ubuzima bw'umwijima.
04 Ibimenyetso by'umwijima mubi.
Umubiri wose urushaho kunanirwa; Kubura ubushake bwo kurya no kugira isesemi; Guhorana umuriro muke, cyangwa kwanga ibicurane; Kwita ku bintu ntibyoroshye; Kugabanuka mu buryo butunguranye kw'inzoga; Kugira isura idahwitse no kubura ubwiza; Uruhu ruba umuhondo cyangwa rurya; Inkari zihinduka ibara ry'inzoga; Igiti cy'umwijima, impumuro y'igitagangurirwa; Kuzunguza; Guhinduka umuhondo ku mubiri wose, cyane cyane sclera.
05 Uburyo bwo gukunda no kurinda umwijima.
1. Indyo yuzuye: Indyo yuzuye igomba kuba yuzuye kandi itunganye.
2. Imyitozo ngororamubiri ihoraho no kuruhuka.
3. Ntugafate imiti uko ubyifuza: Gukoresha imiti bigomba gukorwa uyobowe na muganga. Ntugafate imiti uko ubyifuza kandi ukoreshe imiti y’ubuvuzi witonze.
4. Gukingirwa indwara z'umwijima: Gukingirwa ni bwo buryo bwiza bwo kwirinda indwara ya hepatitis iterwa n'udukoko.
5. Isuzuma ry’umubiri rihoraho: Ni byiza ko abantu bakuru bafite ubuzima bwiza bakorerwa isuzuma ry’umubiri rimwe mu mwaka (imikorere y’umwijima, hepatite B, ibinure mu maraso, umwijima B-ultrasound, nibindi). Abantu bafite indwara y’umwijima idakira bagirwa inama yo gukora isuzuma buri mezi atandatu, bakorerwa isuzuma rya ultrasound mu mwijima no gupimwa kanseri y’umwijima mu maraso.
Umuti w'umwijima
Macro & Micro-Test itanga ibicuruzwa bikurikira:
Igice cya 1 cyo gupima ingano yaADN ya HBV
Ishobora gusuzuma urwego rw'ubwiyongere bw'udukoko twa virusi mu bantu banduye HBV, kandi ni igipimo cy'ingenzi mu guhitamo ibimenyetso by'ubuvuzi bwa virusi no gusuzuma ingaruka z'ubuvuzi. Mu gihe cyo kuvura virusi, kubona igisubizo kirambye cya virusi bishobora kugenzura cyane iterambere rya cirrhose y'umwijima no kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara HCC.
Igice cya 2Gupima imiterere y'ibinyabuzima bya HBV
Ubwoko butandukanye bwa HBV buratandukanye mu bijyanye n'ikwirakwizwa ry'indwara, ihindagurika rya virusi, ibimenyetso by'indwara n'uburyo zivurwa, ibyo bigira ingaruka ku gipimo cya HBeAg cyo guhinduka kw'amaraso, ubukana bw'ibisebe by'umwijima, ku kurwara kanseri y'umwijima, nibindi, ndetse binagira ingaruka ku ikwirakwizwa ry'ubwandu bwa HBV n'ingaruka z'imiti ivura virusi.
Ibyiza: Agacupa 1 k'umuti w'ibisubizo gashobora kumenya ubwoko bwa B, C na D, kandi ntarengwa cyo kubimenya ni 100IU/mL.
Ibyiza: ingano ya ADN ya HBV mu maraso ishobora kumenyekana mu buryo bw'umubare, kandi ntarengwa yo kuyimenya ni 5IU/mL.
Igice cya 3 cyo gupimaHBV RNA
Gupima HBV RNA mu maraso bishobora kugenzura neza urugero rwa cccDNA mu maraso, ibi bikaba ingenzi cyane mu gusuzuma ubwandu bwa HBV, kumenya neza uburyo bwo kuvura abarwayi ba CHB no kumenya niba imiti ishobora kuvaho.
Ibyiza: ingano ya HBV RNA mu maraso ishobora kumenyekana mu buryo bw'umubare, kandi ntarengwa yo kuyimenya ni 100Copies/mL.
Igice cya 4. Gupima HCV RNA
Gupima HCV RNA ni cyo kimenyetso cyizewe cyane cy’uko virusi yandura n’iyororoka, kandi ni ikimenyetso cy’ingenzi cy’uko indwara ya Hepatite C ihagaze n’ingaruka zayo mu kuvura.
Ibyiza: ingano ya HCV RNA muri serum cyangwa plasma ishobora kumenyekana mu buryo bw'ingano, kandi ntarengwa yo kuyimenya ni 25IU/mL.
Igice cya 5Gupima imiterere y'ibinyabuzima bya HCV
Bitewe n'imiterere ya virusi ya HCV-RNA polymerase, uturemangingo twayo tworoshye guhinduka, kandi imiterere yayo ifitanye isano rya hafi n'urwego rw'ubwangirike bw'umwijima n'ingaruka zo kuvura.
Ibyiza: Umuyoboro 1 w'igisubizo cy'ibiza ushobora kumenya ubwoko bwa 1b, 2a, 3a, 3b na 6a ukoresheje uburyo bwanditse, kandi ntarengwa cyo kumenya ni 200IU/mL.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-18-2024